![]() ![]() Cefovecin has an extended dosing interval partially because of increased ability to bind with plasma protein. Cefovecin sodium, a third-generation cephalosporin, is administered to treat susceptible bacterial infections in dogs and cats. The administration of long-acting antimicrobial agents to treat susceptible bacterial infections in exotic animals is desirable, as it may reduce handling stress, increase therapeutic compliance, and decrease morbidity and mortality. The anesthetic protocol described appears to be a safe and easy protocol for general practitioners and, furthermore, uses anesthetic agent commonly available to veterinarians. Immersion anesthesia with alfaxalone permitted deep anesthesia for surgery with an uncomplicated recovery. There were no complications associated with recovery and the goldfish returned to its normal position 12 hours after surgery. The anesthetic event was 60 minutes, with the recovery period being 35 minutes. Butorphanol (0.4 mg/kg IM) was administered for analgesia. During surgery, the respiratory rate (32 to 53 opercula movements per minute) and heart rate (35 to 45 beats per minute) were monitored. The head of the goldfish was submerged in water while the coelomic area of the surgical field was maintained out of water. The goldfish was then placed on a platform and supported in a supine position on wet Perlon wool. The goldfish was immersed in the induction tank and once the labyrinthine-righting reflex was lost (5 minutes), the fish was placed in the maintenance tank. ![]() Water in the fish tanks was saturated with oxygen. ![]() For anesthesia, three plastic fish tanks were prepared for induction (10 mg/L of alfaxalone), maintenance (5 mg/L alfaxalone), and recovery (no anesthetic agent). An exploratory coeliotomy was performed and 90 mL of semi-clear fluid was aspirated from the largest cysts. Cytology revealed lysed leukocytes that contained numerous intracellular bacilli suggestive of septic suppurative inflammation. Ultrasound-guided aspiration of a large cyst was performed. Full-body radiographic images were unremarkable, but coelomic ultrasound revealed multiple ovarian cysts. The 7-year-old, 460 g, female goldfish presented for severe coelomic distension and anorexia. ACVM for bacteriologic and fungal culture.Īn alfaxalone anesthesia protocol was used to perform a coeliotomy in a goldfish diagnosed with multiple ovarian cysts. ACVR for performing ultrasonography and Dr. ECVDI for reviewing computed radiographs and computed tomography images Dr. ABVP (Avian) for reviewing this article Dr. Moreover, detailed descriptions of goldfish anatomy on CT images are needed for clinical case assessment. Computed tomography provided acceptable diagnostic images in the 35-g goldfish, but the quality of CT images in small patients would be dependent on the specifications of the machine used to obtain the scanned images. The clinical significance of isolating Geotrichum capitatum in the swim bladder of the telescopic goldfish is unknown but should be determined through research studies. 5 The cranial chamber has limited capacity Conclusion In goldfish, the swim bladder is bilobed and the 2 chambers are connected by a narrow isthmus called the ductus communicans. 4 The swim bladder is located in the cranial retrocoelomic space and lies next to the kidneys and gonads. Its function varies among species and includes hydrostatic control, respiration, sound production, as well as perception of pressure, 2 gravity, 3 and sound. The swim bladder is a gas-filled organ present in many species of fish. ![]()
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